The history of this southwest neighborhood begins long before it was ever known as Little Village. In the late 19th century, the area was settled and developed by Eastern European and Slavic immigrants, many of whom were from Czechoslovakia and Poland. As a part of greater Lawndale, the region that would later be known as Little Village was considered a suburb of Chicago until the whole lot was incorporated into the city in the 1880s. After annexation the neighborhood’s residential sections continued to grow and the territory’s farmland was slowly engulfed into the expanding industrial development that centered about nearby railroad tracks. A number of new jobs emerged with the arrival of manufacturing giants such as Western Electric, McCormick Harvesting Machine Co. (later known as International Harvester) and Sears Roebuck & Company, which all moved into the area within the first few years of the 1900s.

In the first half of the 20th century, the population of Poles in greater Lawndale grew steadily, climbing rapidly following the German invasion of Poland in 1939. However, after the 1950s the concentration of Polish inhabitants was displaced by a large contingent of Mexican immigrants that moved to Chicago in search of work. Mexican families had originally settled in neighboring Pilsen, but many were forced to move west when the massive construction project to establish the University of Illinois Chicago’s campus took over much of the vicinity, causing many residents to relocate to Lawndale and surrounding areas.

Eventually, the significant group of residents with Mexican roots inspired a split from the rest of Lawndale, creating an independent and viable neighborhood all its own. Like a little Mexican village—La Villita or Little Village. Bisecting the community now known as Little Village, 26th Street has emerged as the main commercial district and the most important thoroughfare in the neighborhood. It has seen a considerable amount of growth in the past thirty years, which has given this southwest side site a strong and prosperous base for even more development in the decades to come.

These days, Little Village has the largest concentration of Mexican-Americans in the city and it remains a colorful neighborhood with a thoroughly Mexican population. Unlike Pilsen, which is beginning to see gentrification from the east with the ongoing expansion of UIC and the westward development of the South Loop, Little Village has been relatively unaffected by gentrification and holds on to its distinct cultural flavor.